Tile Polishing — Overview

Purpose:
To achieve a smooth, glossy, and mirror-like finish on the surface of fired tiles, mainly in porcelain or vitrified tiles.

Process:

1. Pre-Polishing (Calibration):

   • The tile surface is leveled using diamond abrasives to remove micro-unevenness.

   • Ensures uniform thickness and flatness for subsequent steps.

2. Main Polishing:

   • Multiple heads with diamond polishing pads gradually refine the surface.

   • Starts from coarse abrasives (for leveling) to very fine ones (for gloss).

   • Water is used continuously for cooling and dust removal.

3. Final Buffing:

   • Felt or resin pads apply polishing compounds (like oxides or fine powders).

   • Results in the desired gloss level — from semi-polished (lappato) to high-gloss mirror finish.

Machinery Used:
Automatic tile polishing lines have conveyors with multiple polishing heads (up to 30+), pressure control systems, and water recycling units.
Brands: Keda, Pedrini, Ancora, BMR, etc.

Nano Line (Nano Coating / Nano Sealing)

Purpose:
To protect polished tiles from stains, water absorption, and chemical attack — since polishing opens microscopic pores on the surface.

Process:

1. Cleaning:

   • Polished tiles are first cleaned and dried to remove any polishing residue.

2. Nano Application:

   • A nano-sized silica or titanium dioxide (TiO₂) compound is sprayed or rolled onto the surface.

   • The coating penetrates the micro-pores, creating a thin, invisible hydrophobic (water-repellent) layer.

3. Curing:

   • Tiles pass through an infrared or hot-air drying chamber where the nano layer bonds with the surface.

4. Buffing (optional):

   • Sometimes tiles are lightly buffed afterward to enhance gloss uniformity.

Benefits:

• Stain resistance (especially against coffee, wine, oil)

• Easier cleaning and maintenance

• No impact on color or design

• Longer surface durability and sheen retention